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Clusters

    A good introduction to galaxy clusters can be found in

      Michael West "Galaxy Clusters: Urbanization of the Cosmos" Sky & Telescope, 93, 30 (January 1997)

The Virial Theorem

    Any good physics text will have a discussion of the virial theorem. For an astrophysical setting, look at

      "An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics" by Carroll and Ostlie, Section 2.4

Mass Estimators

    For a more detailed discussions of different dynamical mass estimators used with galaxy clusters, look at

      "Galactic Dynamics" by Binney and Tremaine, Section 10.2.3

      Heisler, Tremaine, and Bahcall, "Estimating the masses of galaxy groups - Alternatives to the virial theorem", Astrophysical Journal, 298, 8 (1985)

    And for measurements of the mass of the Coma cluster look at

      Vedel and Hartwick, "The Mass and Mass-to-Light Ratios for Clusters of Galaxies at Large Radii", Astrophysical Journal, 501, 509 (1998)

Cluster databases

Dark matter