Water on Mars?

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We also know that the Earth has water, so why doesn't Mars?

The Mars spacecraft missions beamed back dramatic evidence that Mars had liquid water at some point:

Mariner 9 (1971):

Viking (1976):

And the Mars Orbiter Camera (1997-):

Questions:

• Where is it now?
• How could it ever have existed?
• Was it in long-lived bodies of water, or transient flows? How could you tell?

Mars Rovers: Spirit and Opportunity 

(tons of cool Rover images here!)

But what about water?

"El Capitan", showing water-rich minerals jarosite

Hematite beads in Mars rock -- form in the presence of water